一是 如何在matlab里调用其他语言写的代码。 (见例子:使用C-MEX技术,ActiveX技术)
二是 如何在其他语言里调用matlab。 (见 使用matlab引擎, MAT数据交换, matlab发布com组件, DeployTool)
1. 数据导入导出,主要是MAT文件数据的导入导出。
2.普通的 动态链接库 dll文件的交互,Matlab6.5起,直接matlab环境中调用dll文件导出的函数。
3.matlab环境中调用c/c++语言代码的接口,通过MEX(MATLAB EXecutable)技术实现。C/C++代码通过实现特殊的入口函数,编译成MEX文件(实际dll),可以像一般的m文件被调用,调用级别比M函数高。
4.matlab环境中调用java,6.0版本起,matlab增加java支持,其工作界面GUI也是java编写的,且包含了Java虚拟机。
5.对COM与DDE的支持,5.1后DDE没再增加新内容,6.5后推荐COM接口。matlab的com编译器能将matlab函数转换成COM对象供多种语言使用。
6.matlab使用网络服务或者和串口通讯。
前段客户端使用 matlab引擎(matlab的一组接口函数engXXXX) 与后台启动的matlab进程 进行数据交换和命令的传送。
几乎可以利用matlab的全部功能,但需要计算机上安装matlab软件,执行效率低,不宜用于商业应用软件。
VC++ 开发环境,需要添加Include: {matlab安装目录}\extern\include\ Library Files: {matlab安装目录}\extern\lib\win32\ microsoft \
C and Fortran Engine Library Functions| engOpen (C and Fortran) | Start MATLAB engine session |
| engOpenSingleUse (C) | Start MATLAB engine session for single, nonshared use |
| engClose (C and Fortran) | Quit MATLAB engine session |
| Engine (C) | Type for MATLAB engine |
| engEvalString (C and Fortran) | Evaluate expression in string |
| engGetVariable (C and Fortran) | Copy variable from MATLAB engine workspace |
| engPutVariable (C and Fortran) | Put variable into MATLAB engine workspace |
| engGetVisible (C) | Determine visibility of MATLAB engine session |
| engSetVisible (C) | Show or hide MATLAB engine session |
| engOutputBuffer (C and Fortran) | Specify buffer for MATLAB output |
engPutArray 和 engGetArray 已过时,被engPutVariable 和 engGetVariable取替,但仍可使用。
mxArray * T = mxCreateDoubleMatrix(1, 10, mxREAL); memcpy((char *) mxGetPr(T), (char *) time, 10*sizeof(double)); /* * Place the variable T into the MATLAB workspace */ engPutVariable(ep, "T", T); /* * Evaluate a function of time, distance = (1/2)g.*t.^2 * (g is the acceleration due to gravity) */ engEvalString(ep, "D = .5.*(-9.8).*T.^2;"); /* * Use engOutputBuffer to capture MATLAB output. Ensure first that * the buffer is always NULL terminated. */ buffer[BUFSIZE] = '\0'; engOutputBuffer(ep, buffer, BUFSIZE); /* * the evaluate string returns the result into the * output buffer. */ engEvalString(ep, "whos"); MessageBox ((HWND)NULL, (LPSTR)buffer, (LPSTR) "MATLAB - whos", MB_OK);
完整项目:demo1
MATLAB中操作MAT文件命令 load , save
windows系统中可以使用type查看mat文件的版本等信息。
>> type mattest.mat
MATLAB 5.0 MAT-file, Platform: PCWIN, Created on: Mon May 30 13:55:35 2016
C and Fortran MAT-File Library Functions
| matOpen (C and Fortran) | Open MAT-file |
| matClose (C and Fortran) | Close MAT-file |
| MATFile (C and Fortran) | Type for MAT-file |
| matGetVariable (C and Fortran) | Array from MAT-file |
| matGetVariableInfo (C and Fortran) | Array header information only |
| matGetNextVariable (C and Fortran) | Next array in MAT-file |
| matGetNextVariableInfo (C and Fortran) | Array header information only |
| matPutVariable (C and Fortran) | Array to MAT-file |
| matPutVariableAsGlobal (C and Fortran) | Array to MAT-file as originating from global workspace |
| matDeleteVariable (C and Fortran) | Delete array from MAT-file |
| matGetDir (C and Fortran) | List of variables in MAT-file |
| matGetFp (C) | File pointer to MAT-file |
| mxIsFromGlobalWS (C and Fortran) | Determine whether array was copied from MATLAB global workspace |
pmat = matOpen(file,"r"); if (NULL == pmat){ sprintf(buf, "打开文件错误 %s",file); MessageBox(buf); return; } m_list.AddString("打开文件"); /** read in each array we just wrote **/ pa1 = matGetVariable(pmat,"LocalDouble"); if(NULL == pa1){ MessageBox("读取 matrix LocalDouble failed"); return; } m_list.AddString("读取matix LocalDouble"); if(mxGetNumberOfDimensions(pa1) != 2){ MessageBox("矩阵保存错误:结果不是两维!"); return; } m_list.AddString("矩阵是两维的"); pa2 = matGetVariable(pmat,"GlobalDouble"); if(NULL == pa2){ MessageBox("读取 matrix GlobalDouble failed"); return; } m_list.AddString("读取GlobalDouble"); if( !(mxIsFromGlobalWS(pa2)) ) { MessageBox("全局保存错误,GlobalDouble不是全局的"); } m_list.AddString("GlobalDouble是全局的"); pa3 = matGetVariable(pmat,"LocalString"); if(NULL == pa3){ MessageBox("读取LocalString错误"); return; } m_list.AddString("读取LocalString"); status = mxGetString(pa3, str, sizeof(str)); if( 0 != status){ MessageBox("空间不足"); return; } if( strcmp(str,"MATLAB: the language of technical computing") ){ MessageBox("字符串保存错误"); } m_list.AddString("字符串保存完整"); /** clean up before exit **/ mxDestroyArray(pa1); mxDestroyArray(pa2); mxDestroyArray(pa3); if(matClose(pmat) != 0){ sprintf(buf, "",file); MessageBox(buf); return; } m_list.AddString("关闭文件");完整项目: demo2
对于影响matlab执行速度的for、while等循环,可以编写相应的C/Fortan子函数,编译成MEX文件,提高运行速度。
对于一些访问硬件的底层操作,A/D、D/A或者中断,可以通过MEX直接访问,克服matlab不足。
matlab编程效率高,尽量使用maltab编程,对于耗时或者功能受限的部分采用mex编程。
windows里需要对mex编译器进行配置编译
>> mex -setup
please choose your compiler for building external interface(MEX) files:
Would you like mex to locate installed compilers[y]/n?
按照提示选择对应的编译器,最终生成mexopts.bat
C MEX Library Functions
| mexFunction | Entry point to C/C++ or Fortran MEX file |
| mexFunctionName | Name of current MEX function |
| mexAtExit | Register function to call when MEX function clears or MATLAB terminates |
| mexCallMATLAB | Call MATLAB function, user-defined function, or MEX file |
| mexCallMATLABWithTrap | Call MATLAB function, user-defined function, or MEX-file and capture error information |
| mexEvalString | Execute MATLAB command in caller workspace |
| mexEvalStringWithTrap | Execute MATLAB command in caller workspace and capture error information |
| mexGet | Value of specified graphics property |
| mexSet | Set value of specified graphics property |
| mexGetVariable | Copy of variable from specified workspace |
| mexGetVariablePtr | Read-only pointer to variable from another workspace |
| mexPutVariable | Array from MEX-function into specified workspace |
| mexPrintf | ANSI C PRINTF-style output routine |
| mexSetTrapFlag | Control response of MEXCALLMATLAB to errors |
| mexErrMsgIdAndTxt | Display error message with identifier and return to MATLAB prompt |
| mexWarnMsgIdAndTxt | Warning message with identifier |
| mexErrMsgTxt | Display error message and return to MATLAB prompt |
| mexWarnMsgTxt | Warning message |
| mexIsLocked | Determine if MEX-file is locked |
| mexLock | Prevent clearing MEX-file from memory |
| mexUnlock | Allow clearing MEX-file from memory |
| mexMakeArrayPersistent | Make array persist after MEX file completes |
| mexMakeMemoryPersistent | Make memory allocated by MATLAB software persist after MEX-function completes 入口函数: |
C Syntax
#include "mex.h"
void mexFunction(int nlhs, mxArray *plhs[], int nrhs,
const mxArray *prhs[])
Fortran Syntax
#include "fintrf.h"
subroutine mexFunction(nlhs, plhs, nrhs, prhs)
integer nlhs, nrhs
mwPointer plhs(*), prhs(*)
Arguments
nlhs
Number of expected output mxArraysplhs
Array of pointers to the expected output mxArraysnrhs
Number of input mxArraysprhs
Array of pointers to the input mxArrays. Do not modify any prhs values in your MEX file.
/*================================================================= * mexfunction.c * * This example demonstrates how to use mexFunction. It returns * the number of elements for each input argument, providing the * function is called with the same number of output arguments * as input arguments. * This is a MEX-file for MATLAB. * Copyright 1984-2006 The MathWorks, Inc. * All rights reserved. *=================================================================*//* $Revision: 1.5.6.2 $ */#include "mex.h"#pragma comment(lib,"libmx.lib")//#pragma comment(lib,"libmat.lib")#pragma comment(lib,"libmex.lib") voidmexFunction(int nlhs,mxArray *plhs[],int nrhs,const mxArray *prhs[]){ int i; /* Examine input (right-hand-side) arguments. */ mexPrintf("\nThere are %d right-hand-side argument(s).", nrhs); for (i=0; i<nrhs; i++) { mexPrintf("\n\tInput Arg %i is of type:\t%s ",i,mxGetClassName(prhs[i])); } /* Examine output (left-hand-side) arguments. */ mexPrintf("\n\nThere are %d left-hand-side argument(s).\n", nlhs); if (nlhs > nrhs) mexErrMsgTxt("Cannot specify more outputs than inputs.\n"); for (i=0; i<nlhs; i++) { plhs[i]=mxCreateDoubleMatrix(1,1,mxREAL); *mxGetPr(plhs[i])=(double)mxGetNumberOfElements(prhs[i]); }}
matlab com builder技术,把matlab开发的算法做成组件,这些独立的com对象独立于matlab的环境。
实际上com生成过程是通过matlab的c语言编译器mcc生成,mcc和mbuild命令完全实现了matlab com builder的全部功能。
使用mbuild -setup 加载安装了的编译器
然后使用deploytool (图像界面的deployment tool)选择matlab builder for .Net 选择 Generic COM component
然后往工程中加入需要的M文件或者MEX文件。
通过工具tools/build (ctrl +B) 编译生成相应的idl 和 代码。(实际调用了mcc命令)
再通过tools/package (ctrl +P)发布com文件。
示例1 : include _idl.h 和 idl_i.c 文件
VARIANT x,y,out1; HRESULT hr = CoInitialize(NULL); ICOMDemo1 *pImycomponentclass; hr = CoCreateInstance( CLSID_COMDemo1, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_ICOMDemo1, (void **)& pImycomponentclass); // x.vt = VT_R8; y.vt = VT_R8; x.dblVal = m_mul1; y.dblVal = m_mul2; // hr = (pImycomponentclass -> multidouble(1, &out1, x, y)); m_result = out1.dblVal; // CoUninitialize();完整项目: demo3
示例2: 使用import "xxx.dll" raw_interfaces_only no_namespace named_guids (自动生成.tlh文件)
HRESULT hr = CoInitialize(NULL); VARIANT x, y, out1; try{ ICOMDemo1Ptr pImycomponentclass; hr = pImycomponentclass.CreateInstance(OLESTR("COMDemo1.COMDemo1.1_0")); if(FAILED(hr)) _com_issue_error(hr); x.vt = VT_R8; y.vt = VT_R8; x.dblVal = m_mul1; y.dblVal = m_mul2; hr = (pImycomponentclass -> multidouble(1,&out1,x,y)); m_result = out1.dblVal; }catch(_com_error & e) { MessageBox( e.Description().length() != 0 ? (LPCSTR) e.Description(): e.ErrorMessage()); } // CoUninitialize();完整项目: demo4
示例3: 使用后期绑定com组件
// VARIANT x, y, out1; // HRESULT hr = CoInitialize(NULL); // XYDispDriver disp; bool res = disp.CreateObject("COMDemo1.COMDemo1"); if (false == res) return; x.vt = VT_R8; y.vt = VT_R8; x.dblVal = m_mul1; y.dblVal = m_mul2; // disp.InvokeMethod("multidouble",1, &out1, x, y); m_result = out1.dblVal ; // CoUninitialize();完整项目:http://download.csdn.net/detail/fonjames/9537997
mcc -W cpplib:YYYXXXXX -T link:lib XXXXXX.m
或者直接deployTool中选择exported function (m 文件)
依赖于mclmcrrt.lib
C/C++ API
| mclmcrInitialize | Initializes the MATLAB Runtime proxy library |
| mclInitializeApplication | Set up application state shared by all MATLAB Runtime instances created in current process |
| mclTerminateApplication | Close MATLAB Runtime-internal application state |
| <library>Initialize[WithHandlers] | Initialize MATLAB Runtime instance associated with library |
| <library>Terminate | Free all resources allocated by MATLAB Runtime instance associated with library |
| mwArray | Class used to pass input/output arguments to C functions generated by MATLAB Compiler SDK |
| mwException | Exception type used by the mwArray API and the C++ interface functions |
| mwString | String class used by the mwArray API to pass string data as output from certain methods |
| mclRunMain | Mechanism for creating identical wrapper code across all platforms |
| mclIsMCRInitialized | Determine if MATLAB Runtime has been properly initialized |
| mclWaitForFiguresToDie | Enable deployed applications to process graphics events, enabling figure windows to remain displayed |
| mclGetLastErrorMessage | Last error message from unsuccessful function call |
| mclGetLogFileName | Retrieve name of log file used by MATLAB Runtime |
| mclIsJVMEnabled | Determine if MATLAB Runtime was launched with instance of Java Virtual Machine (JVM) |
| mclIsNoDisplaySet | Determine if -nodisplay mode is enabled 示例1: http://download.csdn.net/detail/fonjames/9538010 |
bool res = false; res = mclInitializeApplication(NULL,0); if(!res) MessageBox("初始化Application错误!"); res = libmccdemo1Initialize(); if(!res) MessageBox("初始化Lib错误!");--- mccdemo1(); mclWaitForFiguresToDie(NULL);--- res = mclTerminateApplication(); if(!res) MessageBox("结束程序错误!"); libmccdemo1Terminate();
示例2: http://download.csdn.net/detail/fonjames/9538014
// TODO: Add extra initialization here bool res = false; res = mclInitializeApplication(NULL,0); if(!res) MessageBox("初始化Application错误"); res = libmccdemo2Initialize(); if(!res) MessageBox("初始化Lib错误!");------ // TODO: Add your control notification handler code here double figsize[] = {0.0 , 0.0}; // CRect client_rect; GetClientRect(&client_rect); figsize[0] = client_rect.Width(); figsize[1] = client_rect.Height(); // mwArray mwFigSize(2,1, mxDOUBLE_CLASS, mxREAL); mwFigSize.SetData(figsize,2); //call fun mccdemo2(mwFigSize); // m_figure.PasteFigure();---- // TODO: Add your message handler code here bool res = mclTerminateApplication(); if (!res) MessageBox ("结束程序错误"); libmccdemo2Terminate();
示例3: http://download.csdn.net/detail/fonjames/9538020
// TODO: Add extra initialization here bool res = false; res = mclInitializeApplication(NULL,0); if (!res) MessageBox("初始化Application错误!"); res = libmccdemo3Initialize(); if (!res) MessageBox("初始化Lib错误!");----- char wnd_name[] = "MyTest"; mwArray mwWndName(wnd_name); mccdemo3(mwWndName); HWND hFig = ::FindWindow(NULL,wnd_name); while( hFig == NULL) hFig = ::FindWindow(NULL,wnd_name); ::ShowWindow(hFig, SW_HIDE); CRect figure_rt; CWnd *myfigure = GetDlgItem(IDC_STATIC); myfigure->GetWindowRect(&figure_rt); long fig_w = figure_rt.Width(); long fig_h = figure_rt.Height(); ::SetParent(hFig,myfigure->GetSafeHwnd()); long lStyle = ::GetWindowLong(hFig,GWL_STYLE); ::SetWindowLong(hFig, GWL_STYLE,lStyle &(~ WS_CAPTION) & (~ WS_THICKFRAME)); ::ShowWindow(hFig, SW_SHOW); ::SetWindowPos(hFig, NULL, 0,0, fig_w+8, fig_h +33, SWP_NOZORDER|SWP_NOACTIVATE); ::ShowWindow(hFig, SW_SHOW); ::SetForegroundWindow(this -> m_hWnd);---- bool res = mclTerminateApplication(); if(!res) MessageBox("Terminate failed"); libmccdemo3Terminate();
1. matlab作为activeX自动服务器,在VC中 开启progid “MATLAB.Application", 然后通过invoke调用matlab的函数完成计算。
HRESULT hr; wchar_t progid[] = L"Matlab.Application"; CLSID clsid; ::CLSIDFromProgID(progid, &clsid); IDispatch* pIDdispatch = NULL; ::CoCreateInstance(clsid, NULL, CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IDispatch, (void**)&pIDdispatch); DISPID dispid; OLECHAR *name = L"Execute"; pIDdispatch -> GetIDsOfNames(IID_NULL, &name, 1 , GetUserDefaultLCID(), &dispid); DISPPARAMS dispparams = { NULL, NULL, 1, 0}; VARIANT para; para.vt = VT_BSTR; para.bstrVal = A2BSTR(m_Command.GetBuffer(512)); VARIANT result; dispparams.rgvarg = ¶ hr = pIDdispatch ->Invoke(dispid, //DISPID IID_NULL, //must be iid_null GetUserDefaultLCID(), DISPATCH_METHOD, //method &dispparams, //methods arguments &result, //results NULL, //exception NULL);//arguments error m_result = result.bstrVal;
完整代码: http://download.csdn.net/detail/fonjames/9538024
2. matlab中使用actxserver("progid"), matlab实例化其他程序,比如excel之类的。
Create array of specified type, allocate and free memory
Use the mxCreate* functions to create MATLAB® arrays. Use the mxCalloc, mxMalloc, and mxRealloc functions to allocate dynamic memory.
You allocate memory whenever you use an mxCreate* function or when you call the mxCalloc and associated functions. Use mxDestroyArray to free memory allocated by the mxCreate* functions. Use mxFree to free memory allocated by the mxCalloc and associated functions.
C Functions
| mxCreateDoubleMatrix | 2-D, double-precision, floating-point array |
| mxCreateDoubleScalar | Scalar, double-precision array initialized to specified value |
| mxCreateNumericMatrix | 2-D numeric matrix |
| mxCreateNumericArray | N-D numeric array |
| mxCreateUninitNumericMatrix | Uninitialized 2-D numeric matrix |
| mxCreateUninitNumericArray | Uninitialized N-D numeric array |
| mxCreateString | 1-N array initialized to specified string |
| mxCreateCharMatrixFromStrings | 2-D mxChar array initialized to specified value |
| mxCreateCharArray | N-D mxChar array |
| mxCreateLogicalScalar | Scalar, logical array |
| mxCreateLogicalMatrix | 2-D logical array |
| mxCreateLogicalArray | N-D logical array |
| mxCreateSparseLogicalMatrix | 2-D, sparse, logical array |
| mxCreateSparse | 2-D sparse array |
| mxCreateSparseLogicalMatrix | 2-D, sparse, logical array |
| mxCreateStructMatrix | 2-D structure array |
| mxCreateStructArray | N-D structure array |
| mxCreateCellMatrix | 2-D cell array |
| mxCreateCellArray | N-D cell array |
| mxDestroyArray | Free dynamic memory allocated by MXCREATE* functions |
| mxDuplicateArray | Make deep copy of array |
| mxCalloc | Allocate dynamic memory for array, initialized to 0, using MATLAB memory manager |
| mxMalloc | Allocate uninitialized dynamic memory using MATLAB memory manager |
| mxRealloc | Reallocate dynamic memory using MATLAB memory manager |
| mxFree | Free dynamic memory allocated by mxCalloc, mxMalloc, mxRealloc, mxArrayToString, or mxArrayToUTF8String functions 免责声明:本文系网络转载或改编,未找到原创作者,版权归原作者所有。如涉及版权,请联系删 |