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人脸，是人身份的一种关键信息。从古代来说，会有面相之说。有的说，一个人心里怎么样，就会长得怎么样，相由心生。据说，这一些经验也被应用于警察在路边抽查的时候，比如贼眉鼠眼等等的样子，就容易受到盘问。
这种靠经验总结的传统信息在现在这个时代可能会有些用，但随着科技的发展，那么，人脸到底是如何被应用于现代科技上面的呢？答案是依靠人脸关键点。人脸关键点检测是人脸在工业应用中一个比较重要的基础性研究，可以说，大多数的人脸相关业务都是在此基础上进行的二次开发。比如人脸识别，试妆算法， 人脸融合 等。人脸的关键点检测的好坏，直接影响后续的业务。
目前很多公司都有关于人脸关键点检测的api的业务，比如腾讯云， 百度云 ，face++等。这里不做过多的介绍，只是讲解一下，利用opencv的包dlib以及调用face++的接口，展示一下人脸关键点检测大致概念。
dlib封装了一个人脸关键点提取算法，下载好 模型 后可直接调用。目前是实现的是68点 关键点检测：
（68点）
face++ 实现了83点以及106点的关键点检测，直接去官网申请账号，进行调用接口就行。
(83点)
（106点）
#!/usr/bin/python
import cv2
import dlib
import numpy
import numpy as np
import requests
import json
import sys
PREDICTOR_PATH = "./shape_predictor_68_face_landmarks.dat"
class Face_Detect(object):
def __init__(self):
self.url = 'https://api-cn.faceplusplus.com/facepp/v3/detect'
self.params = {
'api_key': 'your key',
'api_secret': 'your secret',
'return_landmark': 2, # 1：83点 2：106点
}
def landmarks_face(self, image):
img_file = {'image_file': open(image, 'rb')}
r = requests.post(url=self.url, files=img_file, data=self.params)
if r.status_code == requests.codes.ok:
return r.content.decode('utf-8')
else:
return r.content
def face_points(self, image):
points = self.landmarks_face(image)
faces = json.loads(points)['faces']
matrix_list = np.matrix(self.matrix_marks(faces[0]['landmark']))
point_list = []
for p in matrix_list.tolist():
point_list.append((int(p[0]), int(p[1])))
return point_list
def matrix_marks(self, res):
if self.params['return_landmark'] == 1:
pointer = [
[res['contour_left1']['x'], res['contour_left1']['y']],
[res['contour_left2']['x'], res['contour_left2']['y']],
[res['contour_left3']['x'], res['contour_left3']['y']],
[res['contour_left4']['x'], res['contour_left4']['y']],
[res['contour_left5']['x'], res['contour_left5']['y']],
[res['contour_left6']['x'], res['contour_left6']['y']],
[res['contour_left7']['x'], res['contour_left7']['y']],
[res['contour_left8']['x'], res['contour_left8']['y']],
[res['contour_left9']['x'], res['contour_left9']['y']],
[res['contour_chin']['x'], res['contour_chin']['y']],
[res['contour_right9']['x'], res['contour_right9']['y']],
[res['contour_right8']['x'], res['contour_right8']['y']],
[res['contour_right7']['x'], res['contour_right7']['y']],
[res['contour_right6']['x'], res['contour_right6']['y']],
[res['contour_right5']['x'], res['contour_right5']['y']],
[res['contour_right4']['x'], res['contour_right4']['y']],
[res['contour_right3']['x'], res['contour_right3']['y']],
[res['contour_right2']['x'], res['contour_right2']['y']],
[res['contour_right1']['x'], res['contour_right1']['y']],
[res['left_eye_bottom']['x'], res['left_eye_bottom']['y']],
[res['left_eye_center']['x'], res['left_eye_center']['y']],
[res['left_eye_left_corner']['x'], res['left_eye_left_corner']['y']],
[res['left_eye_lower_left_quarter']['x'], res['left_eye_lower_left_quarter']['y']],
[res['left_eye_lower_right_quarter']['x'], res['left_eye_lower_right_quarter']['y']],
[res['left_eye_pupil']['x'], res['left_eye_pupil']['y']],
[res['left_eye_right_corner']['x'], res['left_eye_right_corner']['y']],
[res['left_eye_top']['x'], res['left_eye_top']['y']],
[res['left_eye_upper_left_quarter']['x'], res['left_eye_upper_left_quarter']['y']],
[res['left_eye_upper_right_quarter']['x'], res['left_eye_upper_right_quarter']['y']],
[res['left_eyebrow_left_corner']['x'], res['left_eyebrow_left_corner']['y']],
[res['left_eyebrow_lower_left_quarter']['x'], res['left_eyebrow_lower_left_quarter']['y']],
[res['left_eyebrow_lower_middle']['x'], res['left_eyebrow_lower_middle']['y']],
[res['left_eyebrow_lower_right_quarter']['x'], res['left_eyebrow_lower_right_quarter']['y']],
[res['left_eyebrow_right_corner']['x'], res['left_eyebrow_right_corner']['y']],
[res['left_eyebrow_upper_left_quarter']['x'], res['left_eyebrow_upper_left_quarter']['y']],
[res['left_eyebrow_upper_middle']['x'], res['left_eyebrow_upper_middle']['y']],
[res['left_eyebrow_upper_right_quarter']['x'], res['left_eyebrow_upper_right_quarter']['y']],
[res['mouth_left_corner']['x'], res['mouth_left_corner']['y']],
[res['mouth_lower_lip_bottom']['x'], res['mouth_lower_lip_bottom']['y']],
[res['mouth_lower_lip_left_contour1']['x'], res['mouth_lower_lip_left_contour1']['y']],
[res['mouth_lower_lip_left_contour2']['x'], res['mouth_lower_lip_left_contour2']['y']],
[res['mouth_lower_lip_left_contour3']['x'], res['mouth_lower_lip_left_contour3']['y']],
[res['mouth_lower_lip_right_contour1']['x'], res['mouth_lower_lip_right_contour1']['y']],
[res['mouth_lower_lip_right_contour2']['x'], res['mouth_lower_lip_right_contour2']['y']],
[res['mouth_lower_lip_right_contour3']['x'], res['mouth_lower_lip_right_contour3']['y']],
[res['mouth_lower_lip_top']['x'], res['mouth_lower_lip_top']['y']],
[res['mouth_right_corner']['x'], res['mouth_right_corner']['y']],
[res['mouth_upper_lip_bottom']['x'], res['mouth_upper_lip_bottom']['y']],
[res['mouth_upper_lip_left_contour1']['x'], res['mouth_upper_lip_left_contour1']['y']],
[res['mouth_upper_lip_left_contour2']['x'], res['mouth_upper_lip_left_contour2']['y']],
[res['mouth_upper_lip_left_contour3']['x'], res['mouth_upper_lip_left_contour3']['y']],
[res['mouth_upper_lip_right_contour1']['x'], res['mouth_upper_lip_right_contour1']['y']],
[res['mouth_upper_lip_right_contour2']['x'], res['mouth_upper_lip_right_contour2']['y']],
[res['mouth_upper_lip_right_contour3']['x'], res['mouth_upper_lip_right_contour3']['y']],
[res['mouth_upper_lip_top']['x'], res['mouth_upper_lip_top']['y']],
[res['nose_contour_left1']['x'], res['nose_contour_left1']['y']],
[res['nose_contour_left2']['x'], res['nose_contour_left2']['y']],
[res['nose_contour_left3']['x'], res['nose_contour_left3']['y']],
[res['nose_contour_lower_middle']['x'], res['nose_contour_lower_middle']['y']],
[res['nose_contour_right1']['x'], res['nose_contour_right1']['y']],
[res['nose_contour_right2']['x'], res['nose_contour_right2']['y']],
[res['nose_contour_right3']['x'], res['nose_contour_right3']['y']],
[res['nose_left']['x'], res['nose_left']['y']],
[res['nose_right']['x'], res['nose_right']['y']],
[res['nose_tip']['x'], res['nose_tip']['y']],
[res['right_eye_bottom']['x'], res['right_eye_bottom']['y']],
[res['right_eye_center']['x'], res['right_eye_center']['y']],
[res['right_eye_left_corner']['x'], res['right_eye_left_corner']['y']],
[res['right_eye_lower_left_quarter']['x'], res['right_eye_lower_left_quarter']['y']],
[res['right_eye_lower_right_quarter']['x'], res['right_eye_lower_right_quarter']['y']],
[res['right_eye_pupil']['x'], res['right_eye_pupil']['y']],
[res['right_eye_right_corner']['x'], res['right_eye_right_corner']['y']],
[res['right_eye_top']['x'], res['right_eye_top']['y']],
[res['right_eye_upper_left_quarter']['x'], res['right_eye_upper_left_quarter']['y']],
[res['right_eye_upper_right_quarter']['x'], res['right_eye_upper_right_quarter']['y']],
[res['right_eyebrow_left_corner']['x'], res['right_eyebrow_left_corner']['y']],
[res['right_eyebrow_lower_left_quarter']['x'], res['right_eyebrow_lower_left_quarter']['y']],
[res['right_eyebrow_lower_middle']['x'], res['right_eyebrow_lower_middle']['y']],
[res['right_eyebrow_lower_right_quarter']['x'], res['right_eyebrow_lower_right_quarter']['y']],
[res['right_eyebrow_right_corner']['x'], res['right_eyebrow_right_corner']['y']],
[res['right_eyebrow_upper_left_quarter']['x'], res['right_eyebrow_upper_left_quarter']['y']],
[res['right_eyebrow_upper_middle']['x'], res['right_eyebrow_upper_middle']['y']],
[res['right_eyebrow_upper_right_quarter']['x'], res['right_eyebrow_upper_right_quarter']['y']]
]
elif self.params['return_landmark'] == 2:
pointer = [
[res['contour_left1']['x'], res['contour_left1']['y']],
[res['contour_left2']['x'], res['contour_left2']['y']],
[res['contour_left3']['x'], res['contour_left3']['y']],
[res['contour_left4']['x'], res['contour_left4']['y']],
[res['contour_left5']['x'], res['contour_left5']['y']],
[res['contour_left6']['x'], res['contour_left6']['y']],
[res['contour_left7']['x'], res['contour_left7']['y']],
[res['contour_left8']['x'], res['contour_left8']['y']],
[res['contour_left9']['x'], res['contour_left9']['y']],
[res['contour_left10']['x'], res['contour_left10']['y']],
[res['contour_left11']['x'], res['contour_left11']['y']],
[res['contour_left12']['x'], res['contour_left12']['y']],
[res['contour_left13']['x'], res['contour_left13']['y']],
[res['contour_left14']['x'], res['contour_left14']['y']],
[res['contour_left15']['x'], res['contour_left15']['y']],
[res['contour_left16']['x'], res['contour_left16']['y']],
[res['contour_chin']['x'], res['contour_chin']['y']],
[res['contour_right16']['x'], res['contour_right16']['y']],
[res['contour_right15']['x'], res['contour_right15']['y']],
[res['contour_right14']['x'], res['contour_right14']['y']],
[res['contour_right13']['x'], res['contour_right13']['y']],
[res['contour_right12']['x'], res['contour_right12']['y']],
[res['contour_right11']['x'], res['contour_right11']['y']],
[res['contour_right10']['x'], res['contour_right10']['y']],
[res['contour_right9']['x'], res['contour_right9']['y']],
[res['contour_right8']['x'], res['contour_right8']['y']],
[res['contour_right7']['x'], res['contour_right7']['y']],
[res['contour_right6']['x'], res['contour_right6']['y']],
[res['contour_right5']['x'], res['contour_right5']['y']],
[res['contour_right4']['x'], res['contour_right4']['y']],
[res['contour_right3']['x'], res['contour_right3']['y']],
[res['contour_right2']['x'], res['contour_right2']['y']],
[res['contour_right1']['x'], res['contour_right1']['y']],
[res['left_eyebrow_left_corner']['x'], res['left_eyebrow_left_corner']['y']],
[res['left_eyebrow_upper_left_quarter']['x'], res['left_eyebrow_upper_left_quarter']['y']],
[res['left_eyebrow_upper_middle']['x'], res['left_eyebrow_upper_middle']['y']],
[res['left_eyebrow_upper_right_quarter']['x'], res['left_eyebrow_upper_right_quarter']['y']],
[res['left_eyebrow_upper_right_corner']['x'], res['left_eyebrow_upper_right_corner']['y']],
[res['left_eyebrow_lower_left_quarter']['x'], res['left_eyebrow_lower_left_quarter']['y']],
[res['left_eyebrow_lower_middle']['x'], res['left_eyebrow_lower_middle']['y']],
[res['left_eyebrow_lower_right_quarter']['x'], res['left_eyebrow_lower_right_quarter']['y']],
[res['left_eyebrow_lower_right_corner']['x'], res['left_eyebrow_lower_right_corner']['y']],
[res['right_eyebrow_upper_left_corner']['x'], res['right_eyebrow_upper_left_corner']['y']],
[res['right_eyebrow_upper_left_quarter']['x'], res['right_eyebrow_upper_left_quarter']['y']],
[res['right_eyebrow_upper_middle']['x'], res['right_eyebrow_upper_middle']['y']],
[res['right_eyebrow_upper_right_quarter']['x'], res['right_eyebrow_upper_right_quarter']['y']],
[res['right_eyebrow_right_corner']['x'], res['right_eyebrow_right_corner']['y']],
[res['right_eyebrow_lower_left_corner']['x'], res['right_eyebrow_lower_left_corner']['y']],
[res['right_eyebrow_lower_left_quarter']['x'], res['right_eyebrow_lower_left_quarter']['y']],
[res['right_eyebrow_lower_middle']['x'], res['right_eyebrow_lower_middle']['y']],
[res['right_eyebrow_lower_right_quarter']['x'], res['right_eyebrow_lower_right_quarter']['y']],
[res['nose_bridge1']['x'], res['nose_bridge1']['y']],
[res['nose_bridge2']['x'], res['nose_bridge2']['y']],
[res['nose_bridge3']['x'], res['nose_bridge3']['y']],
[res['nose_tip']['x'], res['nose_tip']['y']],
[res['nose_left_contour1']['x'], res['nose_left_contour1']['y']],
[res['nose_left_contour2']['x'], res['nose_left_contour2']['y']],
[res['nose_left_contour3']['x'], res['nose_left_contour3']['y']],
[res['nose_left_contour4']['x'], res['nose_left_contour4']['y']],
[res['nose_left_contour5']['x'], res['nose_left_contour5']['y']],
[res['nose_middle_contour']['x'], res['nose_middle_contour']['y']],
[res['nose_right_contour1']['x'], res['nose_right_contour1']['y']],
[res['nose_right_contour2']['x'], res['nose_right_contour2']['y']],
[res['nose_right_contour3']['x'], res['nose_right_contour3']['y']],
[res['nose_right_contour4']['x'], res['nose_right_contour4']['y']],
[res['nose_right_contour5']['x'], res['nose_right_contour5']['y']],
[res['left_eye_left_corner']['x'], res['left_eye_left_corner']['y']],
[res['left_eye_upper_left_quarter']['x'], res['left_eye_upper_left_quarter']['y']],
[res['left_eye_top']['x'], res['left_eye_top']['y']],
[res['left_eye_upper_right_quarter']['x'], res['left_eye_upper_right_quarter']['y']],
[res['left_eye_right_corner']['x'], res['left_eye_right_corner']['y']],
[res['left_eye_lower_right_quarter']['x'], res['left_eye_lower_right_quarter']['y']],
[res['left_eye_bottom']['x'], res['left_eye_bottom']['y']],
[res['left_eye_lower_left_quarter']['x'], res['left_eye_lower_left_quarter']['y']],
[res['left_eye_pupil']['x'], res['left_eye_pupil']['y']],
[res['left_eye_center']['x'], res['left_eye_center']['y']],
[res['right_eye_left_corner']['x'], res['right_eye_left_corner']['y']],
[res['right_eye_upper_left_quarter']['x'], res['right_eye_upper_left_quarter']['y']],
[res['right_eye_top']['x'], res['right_eye_top']['y']],
[res['right_eye_upper_right_quarter']['x'], res['right_eye_upper_right_quarter']['y']],
[res['right_eye_right_corner']['x'], res['right_eye_right_corner']['y']],
[res['right_eye_lower_right_quarter']['x'], res['right_eye_lower_right_quarter']['y']],
[res['right_eye_bottom']['x'], res['right_eye_bottom']['y']],
[res['right_eye_lower_left_quarter']['x'], res['right_eye_lower_left_quarter']['y']],
[res['right_eye_pupil']['x'], res['right_eye_pupil']['y']],
[res['right_eye_center']['x'], res['right_eye_center']['y']],
[res['mouth_left_corner']['x'], res['mouth_left_corner']['y']],
[res['mouth_upper_lip_left_contour1']['x'], res['mouth_upper_lip_left_contour1']['y']],
[res['mouth_upper_lip_left_contour2']['x'], res['mouth_upper_lip_left_contour2']['y']],
[res['mouth_upper_lip_left_contour3']['x'], res['mouth_upper_lip_left_contour3']['y']],
[res['mouth_upper_lip_left_contour4']['x'], res['mouth_upper_lip_left_contour4']['y']],
[res['mouth_right_corner']['x'], res['mouth_right_corner']['y']],
[res['mouth_upper_lip_right_contour1']['x'], res['mouth_upper_lip_right_contour1']['y']],
[res['mouth_upper_lip_right_contour2']['x'], res['mouth_upper_lip_right_contour2']['y']],
[res['mouth_upper_lip_right_contour3']['x'], res['mouth_upper_lip_right_contour3']['y']],
[res['mouth_upper_lip_right_contour4']['x'], res['mouth_upper_lip_right_contour4']['y']],
[res['mouth_upper_lip_top']['x'], res['mouth_upper_lip_top']['y']],
[res['mouth_upper_lip_bottom']['x'], res['mouth_upper_lip_bottom']['y']],
[res['mouth_lower_lip_right_contour1']['x'], res['mouth_lower_lip_right_contour1']['y']],
[res['mouth_lower_lip_right_contour2']['x'], res['mouth_lower_lip_right_contour2']['y']],
[res['mouth_lower_lip_right_contour3']['x'], res['mouth_lower_lip_right_contour3']['y']],
[res['mouth_lower_lip_left_contour1']['x'], res['mouth_lower_lip_left_contour1']['y']],
[res['mouth_lower_lip_left_contour2']['x'], res['mouth_lower_lip_left_contour2']['y']],
[res['mouth_lower_lip_left_contour3']['x'], res['mouth_lower_lip_left_contour3']['y']],
[res['mouth_lower_lip_top']['x'], res['mouth_lower_lip_top']['y']],
[res['mouth_lower_lip_bottom']['x'], res['mouth_lower_lip_bottom']['y']]
]
return pointer
FD = Face_Detect()
FACE_POINTS = list(range(17, 68))
MOUTH_POINTS = list(range(48, 61))
RIGHT_BROW_POINTS = list(range(17, 22))
LEFT_BROW_POINTS = list(range(22, 27))
RIGHT_EYE_POINTS = list(range(36, 42))
LEFT_EYE_POINTS = list(range(42, 48))
NOSE_POINTS = list(range(27, 35))
JAW_POINTS = list(range(0, 17))
detector = dlib.get_frontal_face_detector()
predictor = dlib.shape_predictor(PREDICTOR_PATH)
class TooManyFaces(Exception):
pass
class NoFaces(Exception):
pass
def get_landmarks_dlib(im):
rects = detector(im, 1)
if len(rects) > 1:
raise TooManyFaces
if len(rects) == 0:
raise NoFaces
return [[p.x, p.y] for p in predictor(im, rects[0]).parts()]
img_file = sys.argv[1]
img = cv2.imread(img_file)
# landmarks = get_landmarks_dlib(img) # get landmarks by opencv dlib
landmarks = FD.face_points(img_file) # get landmarks by face plus plus api
print(landmarks, type(landmarks), len(landmarks))
for landmark in landmarks:
pos = tuple(landmark)
cv2.circle(img, pos, 5, color=(0, 255, 0)) # 画圈
font = cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX # 点数字
cv2.putText(img, str(landmarks.index(landmark) + 1), pos, font, 0.4, (0, 0, 255), 1, cv2.LINE_AA)
cv2.namedWindow("img", 2)
cv2.imshow("img", img)
cv2.waitKey(0)
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