MATLAB图形绘制指南

1. 简单作图

x = -2 * pi : 0.1:2*pi;y1 = sin(x);y2 = cos(x);plot(x, y1, '-b');hold onplot(x, y2, '-r');xlabel('x')ylabel('y')text(0,0,'(0,0)')legend('sin x','cos x')1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.

t = 0:pi/180:4*pi;x = 16*sin(t).^3y = 13 * cos(t) - 5*cos(2*t)...   -2*cos(3*t)- cos(4*t);plot(x-3,y,'-r',x+3,y,'-b');xlabel('x');ylabel('y');axis([-20,20,-20,15]);title('Two Hearts')legend('U','I')1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.

曲线图 plot: plot(x,y); plot(x,y,s), plot(x1,y1,s1,x2,y2,s2,…)

b    blue           ·     point                    -        solidg    green        o     circle                   :         dottedr     red            x     x-mark                -.        dashdotc    cyan          +     plus                    --        dashedm  magenta     *     star                    (none)   no liney   yellow         s     squarek    black         d     diamondw   white         v      triangle   (down)                      ^      triangle   (up)                      <      triangle   (left)                      >      triangle   (right)                      p      pentagram                      h      hexagram1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.

1. 简单控制语句
   title(图形名称)
   xlabel(x轴说明);ylabel(y轴说明)
   text(x,y, 图形说明)
   legend(图例1，图例2,…)
   grid on /grid off /grid minor
   axis([xmin xmax ymin ymax]),xlim([xmin,xmax])
2. 其它坐标系
   对数坐标：loglog,semilogx

x = 10*2.^[0:6];y = [100 150 225 340 ...   510 765 1150];loglog(x,y,'.-r')xlim([0.5e1,0.8e3])ylim([0.8e2,1.4e3])xlabel('x');ylabel('y');1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.

极坐标: polar

theta = 0:pi/180:4*pi;r = 1-sin(theta);polar(theta,r,'-r');1.2.3.

4. 三维曲线图

t = 0:pi/50:10*pi;x = sin(t);y = cos(t);z = t;plot3(x, y, z)title('Helix')xlabel('sin t')ylabel('cos t')zlabel('t')grid on1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.

[x,y] = meshgrid(-pi : 0.1 : pi);z = sin(x).*cos(y);mesh(x, y, z)surf(x,y,z)xlabel('x')ylabel('y')zlabel('z')title('sin x sin y')1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.

1. 三维曲面图：补充函数 meshgrid

[x, y] = meshgrid(1:3, 1:3);xy1.2.3.

[x, y] = meshgrid(1:3, 1:3);xyrsq = (x-2).^2 + (x-2).^21.2.3.4.

[x, y] = meshgrid(1:3, 1:3);xyrsq = (x-2).^2 + (x-2).^2r = sqrt(rsq)1.2.3.4.5.

6. M函数格式
function [output 1, …] = functionname(input1, …)

MatLab command 1;
MatLab command 2;

function area = rectarea(L, W)area = L .* W1.2.

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