停车场系统架构图解与原理图展示

功能介绍：

0.本系统采用STC89C52作为单片机

2.采用LCD1602液晶屏可以实时查看车位使用情况

3.采用超声波模块HC-SR04来检测车位是否有车，且每个车位都附有LED指示灯来实时显示车位情况

4.采用舵机来模拟栏杆的运动

5.采用DC002作为电源接口可直接输入5V给整个系统供电

原理图：

PCB：

主程序：

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#include <reg52.h>
#include <intrins.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "delay.h"
#include "lcd1602.h"
#include "rc522.h"

#define OFF 1
#define ON 0

#define STARTING_PRICE 2 //起步价
#define HOUR_PRICE 1 //每小时收费

sbit TRIG_1 = P1^0; //接口定义
sbit ECHO_1 = P1^1; //接口定义
sbit LED_VOID_1 = P1^2;
sbit LED_PARKING_1 = P1^3;

sbit TRIG_2 = P2^0; //接口定义
sbit ECHO_2 = P2^1; //接口定义
sbit LED_VOID_2 = P1^4;
sbit LED_PARKING_2 = P1^5;

sbit TRIG_3 = P2^4; //接口定义
sbit ECHO_3 = P2^5; //接口定义
sbit LED_VOID_3 = P2^3;
sbit LED_PARKING_3 = P2^2;

sbit STEERING_ENGINE = P3^2; //舵机

xdata unsigned char dis0[16]; //定义显示区域临时存储数组

unsigned char code CarID[3][4] = {{0x2C, 0x96, 0xE4, 0x17}, {0x4C, 0x8C, 0xE4, 0x17}, {0x0C, 0xD6, 0xBE, 0x16}}; //卡号ID，上位机可通过串口查看卡号ID

bit disFlag = 1; //显示标志
bit refreshFlag = 1; //显示标志
bit openFlag = 0; //栏杆启动标志
bit openDir = 0; //栏杆位置标志
unsigned char i;

unsigned char occupiedFlag1 = 0; //位置标志
unsigned char occupiedFlag2 = 0; //位置标志
unsigned char occupiedFlag3 = 0; //位置标志
unsigned char occupiedNum = 0;     //占用总数

float f_distance1 = 0;		 //距离1
float f_distance2 = 0;		 //距离2
float f_distance3 = 0;		 //距离3

struct {
    unsigned char inflag; //场内标志
    unsigned char stopMinute; //停车总时间
    unsigned int stopHour; //停车总时间
}Parking_Status[3];

void Timer1_Init(void); //函数声明
void Measuring(void); //测量
void Display(void); //显示
void CardProcess(void); //刷卡处理
void Open(void); //开启栏杆
void Close(void); //关闭栏杆

void UART_Init(void); //串口初始化
void UART_SendByte(unsigned char dat);
void UART_SendStr(unsigned char *s, unsigned char length);


void main(void)
{
    Parking_Status[0].inflag = 0;
    Parking_Status[0].stopMinute = 0;
    Parking_Status[0].stopHour = 0;
    Parking_Status[1].inflag = 0;
    Parking_Status[1].stopMinute = 0;
    Parking_Status[1].stopHour = 0;
    Parking_Status[2].inflag = 0;
    Parking_Status[2].stopMinute = 0;
    Parking_Status[2].stopHour = 0;
    
    TRIG_1 = 0;
    TRIG_2 = 0;
    TRIG_3 = 0;
    
    TMOD &= 0xF0;                //使用模式1，16位定时器，使用"|"符号可以在使用多个定时器时不受影响
    TMOD |= 0x01;                //使用模式1，16位定时器，使用"|"符号可以在使用多个定时器时不受影响
    
    TH0 = 0; //重新赋值 20ms
    TL0 = 0;
    EA = 1;  //总中断打开
    TR0 = 0;
    
    PcdReset();     //复位RC522
    PcdAntennaOn(); //开启天线发射

    LCD_Init();  //初始化液晶
    DelayMs(20); //延时有助于稳定
    LCD_Clear(); //清屏

    Timer1_Init(); //定时器0初始化
    UART_Init(); //串口初始化
    



    while (1)
    {
        if (refreshFlag == 1)
		{
			refreshFlag = 0;
            Measuring();
        }
        if (disFlag == 1) //定时显示
        {
            disFlag = 0; //标志位清零
            CardProcess();
            Display();
        }
    }
}


//超声波测距
void Measuring(void)
{
    static long cnt = 0; //定时器计数
    
    TR1 = 0;
    
    TRIG_1 = 1; //启动一次模块		//不可以使用其他终端 容易造成死循环
    DelayUs10x(1);
    TRIG_1 = 0;
    while (!ECHO_1)
        ;	 //当RX为零时等待
    TR0 = 1; //开启计数
    while (ECHO_1)
        ; //当RX为1计数并等待
    TR0 = 0;
    cnt = (long)(TH0 * 256 + TL0);
    TH0 = 0;
    TL0 = 0;
    f_distance1 = (float)cnt * 17 / 100.0 * 1.102; //算出来是mm (g_cnt * 340 / 2) / 1000.0 * 1.102;系数
    cnt = 0;

    TRIG_2 = 1; //启动一次模块		//不可以使用其他终端 容易造成死循环
    DelayUs10x(1);
    TRIG_2 = 0;
    while (!ECHO_2)
        ;	 //当RX为零时等待
    TR0 = 1; //开启计数
    while (ECHO_2)
        ; //当RX为1计数并等待
    TR0 = 0;
    cnt = (long)(TH0 * 256 + TL0);
    TH0 = 0;
    TL0 = 0;
    f_distance2 = (float)cnt * 17 / 100.0 * 1.102; //算出来是mm (g_cnt * 340 / 2) / 1000.0 * 1.102;系数
    cnt = 0;

    TRIG_3 = 1; //启动一次模块		//不可以使用其他终端 容易造成死循环
    DelayUs10x(1);
    TRIG_3 = 0;
    while (!ECHO_3)
        ;	 //当RX为零时等待
    TR0 = 1; //开启计数
    while (ECHO_3)
        ; //当RX为1计数并等待
    TR0 = 0;
    cnt = (long)(TH0 * 256 + TL0);
    TH0 = 0;
    TL0 = 0;
    f_distance3 = (float)cnt * 17 / 100.0 * 1.102; //算出来是mm (g_cnt * 340 / 2) / 1000.0 * 1.102;系数
    cnt = 0;
    
    TR1 = 1;
}

//界面显示
void Display(void)
{
    if (f_distance1 <= 500) //检测到车距0.5m
    {
        occupiedFlag1 = 1;
    } //标志
    else
    {
        occupiedFlag1 = 0;
    }

    if (f_distance2 <= 500) //检测到车距0.5m
    {
        occupiedFlag2 = 1;
    } //标志
    else
    {
        occupiedFlag2 = 0;
    }

    if (f_distance3 <= 500) //检测到车距0.5m
    {
        occupiedFlag3 = 1;
    } //标志
    else
    {
        occupiedFlag3 = 0;
    }

    if (occupiedFlag1 == 1)
    {
        LCD_DispStr(0, 1, "P ");
        LED_VOID_1 = OFF;
        LED_PARKING_1 = ON;
    } //显示占用
    else
    {
        LCD_DispStr(0, 1, "N ");
        LED_VOID_1 = ON;
        LED_PARKING_1 = OFF;
    }

    if (occupiedFlag2 == 1)
    {
        LCD_DispStr(2, 1, "P ");
        LED_VOID_2 = OFF;
        LED_PARKING_2 = ON;
    } //显示占用
    else
    {
        LCD_DispStr(2, 1, "N ");
        LED_VOID_2 = ON;
        LED_PARKING_2 = OFF;
    }

    if (occupiedFlag3 == 1)
    {
        LCD_DispStr(4, 1, "P ");
        LED_VOID_3 = OFF;
        LED_PARKING_3 = ON;
    } //显示占用
    else
    {
        LCD_DispStr(4, 1, "N ");
        LED_VOID_3 = ON;
        LED_PARKING_3 = OFF;
    }
    occupiedNum = occupiedFlag1 + occupiedFlag2 + occupiedFlag3;                   //占用总数
    sprintf(dis0, "1 2 3  P:%d  N:%d ", (int)occupiedNum, (int)(3 - occupiedNum)); //打印
    LCD_DispStr(0, 0, dis0);
}

//刷卡处理
void CardProcess(void)
{
    unsigned char Temp[4]; //暂存数组
    unsigned char UID[4];  //卡号
    static unsigned char dispTime = 0;

    if (PcdRequest(0x52, Temp) == MI_OK) //检测到卡号
    {
        DelayS(1);
        if (PcdRequest(0x52, Temp) == MI_OK) // 1S后仍然检测到卡号
        {
            if (PcdAnticoll(UID) == MI_OK) //读取卡号成功
            {
                unsigned char i;
                UART_SendByte(0x00); //串口发送卡号
                UART_SendStr(UID, 4);
                UART_SendByte(0x00);
                for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
                {
                    if ((UID[0] == CarID[i][0]) && (UID[1] == CarID[i][1]))
                    {
                        Open(); //打开栏杆
                        if (Parking_Status[i].inflag == 0) //没有停车，初次进场
                        {
                            Parking_Status[i].inflag = 1; //进场
                            sprintf(dis0, "Car%1d: In  ", (int)i+1);
                            LCD_DispStr(6, 1, dis0);
                            dispTime = 50;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            Parking_Status[i].inflag = 0; //出场

                            // if (Parking_Status[i].stopHour == 0 && Parking_Status[i].stopMinute < 15) //15分钟以内免费
                            // {
                            //     sprintf(dis0, "Car%1d:%4d$", (unsigned int)i+1, (unsigned int)0);
                            //     LCD_DispStr(6, 1, dis0);
                            //     Parking_Status[i].stopMinute = 0;
                            //     Parking_Status[i].stopHour = 0;
                            //     dispTime = 50; //显示一段时间
                            // }
                            if (Parking_Status[i].stopHour < 2 && Parking_Status[i].stopMinute >= 0) //2小时内起步价
                            {
                                sprintf(dis0, "Car%1d:$%4d", (unsigned int)i+1, (unsigned int)STARTING_PRICE);
                                LCD_DispStr(6, 1, dis0);
                                Parking_Status[i].stopMinute = 0;
                                Parking_Status[i].stopHour = 0;
                                dispTime = 50; //显示一段时间
                            }
                            else if (Parking_Status[i].stopHour >= 2) //2小时后正常计费
                            {
                                sprintf(dis0, "Car%1d:$%4d", (unsigned int)i+1, (unsigned int)(STARTING_PRICE+(Parking_Status[i].stopHour-1)*HOUR_PRICE));
                                LCD_DispStr(6, 1, dis0);
                                Parking_Status[i].stopMinute = 0;
                                Parking_Status[i].stopHour = 0;
                                dispTime = 50; //显示一段时间
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    if (dispTime == 0)
    {
        LCD_DispStr(6, 1, "          ");
    }
    else
    {
        dispTime--;
    }

    if (dispTime == 1)
    {
        Close();//关闭栏杆
    }

}

//定时器1初始化
void Timer1_Init(void)
{
    TMOD |= 0x10;                //使用模式1，16位定时器，使用"|"符号可以在使用多个定时器时不受影响
    TMOD &= 0x0F;                //使用模式1，16位定时器，使用"|"符号可以在使用多个定时器时不受影响
	TL1 = 0x66;		//设置定时初始值
	TH1 = 0xFC;		//设置定时初始值 1ms
    EA = 1;  //总中断打开
    ET1 = 1; //定时器中断打开
    PT1 = 1;
    TR1 = 1; //定时器开关打开
}

//定时器1中断
void Timer1_Interrupt(void) interrupt 3
{
    static unsigned int time_50ms = 0;

    TL1 = 0x00; //设置定时初始值
    TH1 = 0x4C; //设置定时初始值 50ms

    time_50ms++;

    if (time_50ms > 120) // 1min
    {
        time_50ms = 0;
        if (Parking_Status[0].inflag == 1)
        {
            Parking_Status[0].stopMinute++;
            if (Parking_Status[0].stopMinute >= 60)
            {
                Parking_Status[0].stopMinute = 0;
                Parking_Status[0].stopHour++;
            }
        }
        if (Parking_Status[1].inflag == 1)
        {
            Parking_Status[1].stopMinute++;
            if (Parking_Status[1].stopMinute >= 60)
            {
                Parking_Status[1].stopMinute = 0;
                Parking_Status[1].stopHour++;
            }
        }
        if (Parking_Status[2].inflag == 1)
        {
            Parking_Status[2].stopMinute++;
            if (Parking_Status[2].stopMinute >= 60)
            {
                Parking_Status[2].stopMinute = 0;
                Parking_Status[2].stopHour++;
            }
        }
    }

    if (time_50ms % 20 == 0)
    {
        disFlag = 1;
    }

    if (time_50ms % 5 == 0)
    {
        refreshFlag = 1;
    }
}

//开启栏杆
void Open(void)
{
    unsigned char i;
    for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
        STEERING_ENGINE = 1;
        DelayUs10x(50);
        STEERING_ENGINE = 0;
        DelayUs10x(50);
        DelayMs(19);
    }
}

//关闭栏杆
void Close(void)
{
    unsigned char i;
    for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
        STEERING_ENGINE = 1;
        DelayUs10x(250);
        STEERING_ENGINE = 0;
        DelayUs10x(50);
        DelayMs(17);
    }
}

void UART_Init(void)
{
    SCON = 0x50;
	TH2 = 0xFF;
	TL2 = 0xDC;
	RCAP2H = 0xFF;  //(65536-(FOSC/32/BAUD))   BAUD = 9600 FOSC = 11059200
	RCAP2L = 0xDC;

	/*****************/
	TCLK = 1;
	RCLK = 1;
	C_T2 = 0;
	EXEN2 = 0;

	/*****************/
	TR2 = 1;
	ES   = 0; //关闭串口中断
	EA   = 1; //打开总中断
}

void UART_SendByte(unsigned char dat)
{
    unsigned char time_out;
    time_out = 0x00;
    SBUF = dat;                       //将数据放入SBUF中
    while ((!TI) && (time_out < 100)) //检测是否发送出去
    {
        time_out++;
        DelayUs10x(2);
    }       //未发送出去 进行短暂延时
    TI = 0; //清除ti标志
}

void UART_SendStr(unsigned char *s, unsigned char length)
{
    unsigned char cnt;
    cnt = 0x00;
    while (cnt < length) //发送长度对比
    {
        UART_SendByte(*s); //放松单字节数据
        s++;              //指针++
        cnt++;            //下一个++
    }
}

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