MIME类型知识点备忘（mimetype详解）

• 新建一个自定义mimetype 比如新建个 application/x-newtype 类型对应 .xyz 后缀 <?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <mime-info xmlns="http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/shared-mime-info"> <mime-type type="application/x-newtype"> <comment>new mime type</comment> <glob pattern="*.xyz"/> </mime-type> </mime-info> 一键获取完整项目代码1234567 新建个xml配置文件，内容如上，让后放在如下配置目录中： /usr/share/mime/packages 或者 ~/.local/share/mime/packages 再执行 update-mime-database /usr/share/mime 一键获取完整项目代码1 即可创建成功。
• 修改打开文件的默认程序 desktop文件放在/usr/share/applications/下，并且其Exec字段需要带上%f的指令；然后修改 ~/.config/mimeapps.list 文件，然后注销重新登录即可，该文件内容示例如下： [Default Applications] inode/directory=peony.desktop text/html=browser360-cn.desktop x-scheme-handler/http=browser360-cn.desktop x-scheme-handler/https=browser360-cn.desktop [Added Associations] text/html=browser360-cn.desktop; text/plain=vim.desktop;pluma.desktop; 一键获取完整项目代码123456789
• 文件的图标 将icon图片放到 /usr/share/icons/hicolor/scalable/mimetypes/ 里面，名字是 mime-type type=“application/x-newtype” 里面 type的值，但是将 '/'换成 ‘-’ ，即 application-x-newtype,然后用如下命令更新一下缓存 update-icon-caches /usr/share/icons/* 一键获取完整项目代码1

下面是常见的mimetype和后缀对照表

.3dm x-world/x-3dmf

   .3dmf x-world/x-3dmf

   .a application/octet-stream

   .aab application/x-authorware-bin

   .aam application/x-authorware-map

   .aas application/x-authorware-seg

   .abc text/vnd.abc

   .acgi text/html

   .afl video/animaflex

   .ai application/postscript

   .aif audio/aiff

   .aif audio/x-aiff

   .aifc audio/aiff

   .aifc audio/x-aiff

   .aiff audio/aiff

   .aiff audio/x-aiff

   .aim application/x-aim

   .aip text/x-audiosoft-intra

   .ani application/x-navi-animation

   .aos application/x-nokia-9000-communicator-add-on-software

   .aps application/mime

   .arc application/octet-stream

   .arj application/arj

   .arj application/octet-stream

   .art image/x-jg

   .asf video/x-ms-asf

   .asm text/x-asm

   .asp text/asp

   .asx application/x-mplayer2

   .asx video/x-ms-asf

   .asx video/x-ms-asf-plugin

   .au audio/basic

   .au audio/x-au

   .avi application/x-troff-msvideo

   .avi video/avi

   .avi video/msvideo

   .avi video/x-msvideo

   .avs video/avs-video

   .bcpio application/x-bcpio

   .bin application/mac-binary

   .bin application/macbinary

   .bin application/octet-stream

   .bin application/x-binary

   .bin application/x-macbinary

   .bm image/bmp

   .bmp image/bmp

   .bmp image/x-windows-bmp

   .boo application/book

   .book application/book

   .boz application/x-bzip2

   .bsh application/x-bsh

   .bz application/x-bzip

   .bz2 application/x-bzip2

   .c text/plain

   .c text/x-c

   .c++ text/plain

   .cat application/vnd.ms-pki.seccat

   .cc text/plain

   .cc text/x-c

   .ccad application/clariscad

   .cco application/x-cocoa

   .cdf application/cdf

   .cdf application/x-cdf

   .cdf application/x-netcdf

   .cer application/pkix-cert

   .cer application/x-x509-ca-cert

   .cha application/x- chat  

   .chat application/x-chat

   .class application/java

   .class application/java-byte-code

   .class application/x-java-class

   .com application/octet-stream

   .com text/plain

   .conf text/plain

   .cpio application/x-cpio

   .cpp text/x-c

   .cpt application/mac-compactpro

   .cpt application/x-compactpro

   .cpt application/x-cpt

   .crl application/pkcs-crl

   .crl application/pkix-crl

   .crt application/pkix-cert

   .crt application/x-x509-ca-cert

   .crt application/x-x509-user-cert

   .csh application/x-csh

   .csh text/x-script.csh

   . css application/x-pointplus

   .css text/css

   .cxx text/plain

   .dcr application/x-director

   .deepv application/x-deepv

   .def text/plain

   .der application/x-x509-ca-cert

   .dif video/x-dv

   .dir application/x-director

   .dl video/dl

   .dl video/x-dl

   .doc application/msword

   .dot application/msword

   .dp application/commonground

   .drw application/drafting

   .dump application/octet-stream

   .dv video/x-dv

   .dvi application/x-dvi

   .dwf drawing/x-dwf (old)

   .dwf model  /vnd.dwf

   .dwg application/acad

   .dwg image/vnd.dwg

   .dwg image/x-dwg

   .dxf application/dxf

   .dxf image/vnd.dwg

   .dxf image/x-dwg

   .dxr application/x-director

   .el text/x-script.elisp

   .elc application/x-bytecode.elisp (compiled elisp)

   .elc application/x-elc

   .env application/x-envoy

   .eps application/postscript

   .es application/x-esrehber

   .etx text/x-setext

   .evy application/envoy

   .evy application/x-envoy

   .exe application/octet-stream

   .f text/plain

   .f text/x-fortran

   .f77 text/x-fortran

   .f90 text/plain

   .f90 text/x-fortran

   .fdf application/vnd.fdf

   .fif application/fractals

   .fif image/fif

   .fli video/fli

   .fli video/x-fli

   .flo image/florian

   .flx text/vnd.fmi.flexstor

   .fmf video/x-atomic3d-feature

   .for text/plain

   .for text/x-fortran

   .fpx image/vnd.fpx

   .fpx image/vnd.net-fpx

   .frl application/freeloader

   .funk audio/make

   .g text/plain

   .g3 image/g3fax

   .gif image/gif

   .gl video/gl

   .gl video/x-gl

   .gsd audio/x-gsm

   .gsm audio/x-gsm

   .gsp application/x-gsp

   .gss application/x-gss

   .gtar application/x-gtar

   .gz application/x-compressed

   .gz application/x-gzip

   .gzip application/x-gzip

   .gzip multipart/x-gzip

   .h text/plain

   .h text/x-h

   .hdf application/x-hdf

   .help application/x-helpfile

   .hgl application/vnd.hp-hpgl

   .hh text/plain

   .hh text/x-h

   .hlb text/x-script

   .hlp application/hlp

   .hlp application/x-helpfile

   .hlp application/x-winhelp

   .hpg application/vnd.hp-hpgl

   .hpgl application/vnd.hp-hpgl

   .hqx application/binhex

   .hqx application/binhex4

   .hqx application/mac-binhex

   .hqx application/mac-binhex40

   .hqx application/x-binhex40

   .hqx application/x-mac-binhex40

   .hta application/hta

   .htc text/x-component

   .htm text/html

   .html text/html

   .htmls text/html

   .htt text/webviewhtml

   .htx text/html

   .ice x-conference/x-cooltalk

   .ico image/x-icon

   .idc text/plain

   .ief image/ief

   .iefs image/ief

   .iges application/iges

   .iges model/iges

   .igs application/iges

   .igs model/iges

   .ima application/x-ima

   .imap application/x-httpd-imap

   .inf application/inf

   .ins application/x-internett-signup

   .ip application/x-ip2

   .isu video/x-isvideo

   .it audio/it

   .iv application/x-inventor

   .ivr i-world/i-vrml

   .ivy application/x-livescreen

   .jam audio/x-jam

   .jav text/plain

   .jav text/x-java-source

   .java text/plain

   .java text/x-java-source

   .jcm application/x-java-commerce

   .jfif image/jpeg

   .jfif image/pjpeg

   .jfif-tbnl image/jpeg

   .jpe image/jpeg

   .jpe image/pjpeg

   .jpeg image/jpeg

   .jpeg image/pjpeg

   .jpg image/jpeg

   .jpg image/pjpeg

   .jps image/x-jps

   .js application/x-javascript

   .js application/javascript

   .js application/ecmascript

   .js text/javascript

   .js text/ecmascript

   .jut image/jutvision

   .kar audio/midi

   .kar music/x-karaoke

   .ksh application/x-ksh

   .ksh text/x-script.ksh

   .la audio/nspaudio

   .la audio/x-nspaudio

   .lam audio/x-liveaudio

   .latex application/x-latex

   .lha application/lha

   .lha application/octet-stream

   .lha application/x-lha

   .lhx application/octet-stream

   .list text/plain

   .lma audio/nspaudio

   .lma audio/x-nspaudio

   .log text/plain

   .lsp application/x-lisp

   .lsp text/x-script.lisp

   .lst text/plain

   .lsx text/x-la-asf

   .ltx application/x-latex

   .lzh application/octet-stream

   .lzh application/x-lzh

   .lzx application/lzx

   .lzx application/octet-stream

   .lzx application/x-lzx

   .m text/plain

   .m text/x-m

   .m1v video/mpeg

   .m2a audio/mpeg

   .m2v video/mpeg

   .m3u audio/x-mpequrl

   .man application/x-troff-man

   .map application/x-navimap

   .mar text/plain

   .mbd application/mbedlet

   .mc$ application/x-magic-cap-package-1.0

   .mcd application/mcad

   .mcd application/x-mathcad

   .mcf image/vasa

   .mcf text/mcf

   .mcp application/netmc

   .me application/x-troff-me

   .mht message/rfc822

   .mhtml message/rfc822

   .mid application/x-midi

   .mid audio/midi

   .mid audio/x-mid

   .mid audio/x-midi

   .mid music/crescendo

   .mid x-music/x-midi

   .midi application/x-midi

   .midi audio/midi

   .midi audio/x-mid

   .midi audio/x-midi

   .midi music/crescendo

   .midi x-music/x-midi

   .mif application/x-frame

   .mif application/x-mif

   .mime message/rfc822

   .mime www/mime

   .mjf audio/x-vnd.audioexplosion.mjuicemediafile

   .mjpg video/x-motion-jpeg

   .mm application/base64

   .mm application/x-meme

   .mme application/base64

   .mod audio/mod

   .mod audio/x-mod

   .moov video/quicktime

   .mov video/quicktime

   .movie video/x-sgi-movie

   .mp2 audio/mpeg

   .mp2 audio/x-mpeg

   .mp2 video/mpeg

   .mp2 video/x-mpeg

   .mp2 video/x-mpeq2a

   .mp3 audio/mpeg3

   .mp3 audio/x-mpeg-3

   .mp3 video/mpeg

   .mp3 video/x-mpeg

   .mpa audio/mpeg

   .mpa video/mpeg

   .mpc application/x-project

   .mpe video/mpeg

   .mpeg video/mpeg

   .mpg audio/mpeg

   .mpg video/mpeg

   .mpga audio/mpeg

   .mpp application/vnd.ms-project

   .mpt application/x-project

   .mpv application/x-project

   .mpx application/x-project

   .mrc application/marc

   .ms application/x-troff-ms

   .mv video/x-sgi-movie

   .my audio/make

   .mzz application/x-vnd.audioexplosion.mzz

   .nap image/naplps

   .naplps image/naplps

   .nc application/x-netcdf

   .ncm application/vnd.nokia.configuration-message

   .nif image/x-niff

   .niff image/x-niff

   .nix application/x-mix-transfer

   .nsc application/x-conference

   .nvd application/x-navidoc

   .o application/octet-stream

   .oda application/oda

   .omc application/x-omc

   .omcd application/x-omcdatamaker

   .omcr application/x-omcregerator

   .p text/x-pascal

   .p10 application/pkcs10

   .p10 application/x-pkcs10

   .p12 application/pkcs-12

   .p12 application/x-pkcs12

   .p7a application/x-pkcs7-signature

   .p7c application/pkcs7-mime

   .p7c application/x-pkcs7-mime

   .p7m application/pkcs7-mime

   .p7m application/x-pkcs7-mime

   .p7r application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp

   .p7s application/pkcs7-signature

   .part application/pro_eng

   .pas text/pascal

   .pbm image/x-portable-bitmap

   .pcl application/vnd.hp-pcl

   .pcl application/x-pcl

   .pct image/x-pict

   .pcx image/x-pcx

   .pdb chemical/x-pdb

   .pdf application/pdf

   .pfunk audio/make

   .pfunk audio/make.my.funk

   .pgm image/x-portable-graymap

   .pgm image/x-portable-greymap

   .pic image/pict

   .pict image/pict

   .pkg application/x-newton-compatible-pkg

   .pko application/vnd.ms-pki.pko

   .pl text/plain

   .pl text/x-script.perl

   .plx application/x-pixclscript

   .pm image/x-xpixmap

   .pm text/x-script.perl-module

   .pm4 application/x-pagemaker

   .pm5 application/x-pagemaker

   .png image/png

   .pnm application/x-portable-anymap

   .pnm image/x-portable-anymap

   .pot application/mspowerpoint

   .pot application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

   .pov model/x-pov

   .ppa application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

   .ppm image/x-portable-pixmap

   .pps application/mspowerpoint

   .pps application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

   .ppt application/mspowerpoint

   .ppt application/powerpoint

   .ppt application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

   .ppt application/x-mspowerpoint

   .ppz application/mspowerpoint

   .pre application/x-freelance

   .prt application/pro_eng

   .ps application/postscript

   .psd application/octet-stream

   .pvu paleovu/x-pv

   .pwz application/vnd.ms-powerpoint

   .py text/x-script.phyton

   .pyc application/x-bytecode.python

   .qcp audio/vnd.qcelp

   .qd3 x-world/x-3dmf

   .qd3d x-world/x-3dmf

   .qif image/x-quicktime

   .qt video/quicktime

   .qtc video/x-qtc

   .qti image/x-quicktime

   .qtif image/x-quicktime

   .ra audio/x-pn-realaudio

   .ra audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin

   .ra audio/x-realaudio

   .ram audio/x-pn-realaudio

   .ras application/x-cmu-raster

   .ras image/cmu-raster

   .ras image/x-cmu-raster

   .rast image/cmu-raster

   .rexx text/x-script.rexx

   .rf image/vnd.rn-realflash

   .rgb image/x-rgb

   .rm application/vnd.rn-realmedia

   .rm audio/x-pn-realaudio

   .rmi audio/mid

   .rmm audio/x-pn-realaudio

   .rmp audio/x-pn-realaudio

   .rmp audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin

   .rng application/ringing-tones

   .rng application/vnd.nokia.ringing-tone

   .rnx application/vnd.rn-realplayer

   .roff application/x-troff

   .rp image/vnd.rn-realpix

   .rpm audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin

   .rt text/richtext

   .rt text/vnd.rn-realtext

   .rtf application/rtf

   .rtf application/x-rtf

   .rtf text/richtext

   .rtx application/rtf

   .rtx text/richtext

   .rv video/vnd.rn-realvideo

   .s text/x-asm

   .s3m audio/s3m

   .saveme application/octet-stream

   .sbk application/x-tbook

   .scm application/x-lotusscreencam

   .scm text/x-script.guile

   .scm text/x-script.scheme

   .scm video/x-scm

   .sdml text/plain

   .sdp application/sdp

   .sdp application/x-sdp

   .sdr application/sounder

   .sea application/sea

   .sea application/x-sea

   .set application/set

   .sgm text/sgml

   .sgm text/x-sgml

   .sgml text/sgml

   .sgml text/x-sgml

   .sh application/x-bsh

   .sh application/x-sh

   .sh application/x-shar

   .sh text/x-script.sh

   .shar application/x-bsh

   .shar application/x-shar

   .shtml text/html

   .shtml text/x-server-parsed-html

   .sid audio/x-psid

   .sit application/x-sit

   .sit application/x-stuffit

   .skd application/x-koan

   .skm application/x-koan

   .skp application/x-koan

   .skt application/x-koan

   .sl application/x-seelogo

   .smi application/smil

   .smil application/smil

   .snd audio/basic

   .snd audio/x-adpcm

   .sol application/solids

   .spc application/x-pkcs7-certificates

   .spc text/x-speech

   .spl application/futuresplash

   .spr application/x-sprite

   .sprite application/x-sprite

   .src application/x-wais-source

   .ssi text/x-server-parsed-html

   .ssm application/streamingmedia

   .sst application/vnd.ms-pki.certstore

   .step application/step

   .stl application/sla

   .stl application/vnd.ms-pki.stl

   .stl application/x-navistyle

   .stp application/step

   .sv4cpio application/x-sv4cpio

   .sv4crc application/x-sv4crc

   .svf image/vnd.dwg

   .svf image/x-dwg

   .svr application/x-world

   .svr x-world/x-svr

   .swf application/x-shockwave-flash

   .t application/x-troff

   .talk text/x-speech

   .tar application/x-tar

   .tbk application/toolbook

   .tbk application/x-tbook

   .tcl application/x-tcl

   .tcl text/x-script.tcl

   .tcsh text/x-script.tcsh

   .tex application/x-tex

   .texi application/x-texinfo

   .texinfo application/x-texinfo

   .text application/plain

   .text text/plain

   .tgz application/gnutar

   .tgz application/x-compressed

   .tif image/tiff

   .tif image/x-tiff

   .tiff image/tiff

   .tiff image/x-tiff

   .tr application/x-troff

   .tsi audio/tsp-audio

   .tsp application/dsptype

   .tsp audio/tsplayer

   .tsv text/tab-separated-values

   .turbot image/florian

   .txt text/plain

   .uil text/x-uil

   .uni text/uri-list

   .unis text/uri-list

   .unv application/i-deas

   .uri text/uri-list

   .uris text/uri-list

   .ustar application/x-ustar

   .ustar multipart/x-ustar

   .uu application/octet-stream

   .uu text/x-uuencode

   .uue text/x-uuencode

   .vcd application/x-cdlink

   .vcs text/x-vcalendar

   .vda application/vda

   .vdo video/vdo

   .vew application/groupwise

   .viv video/vivo

   .viv video/vnd.vivo

   .vivo video/vivo

   .vivo video/vnd.vivo

   .vmd application/vocaltec-media-desc

   .vmf application/vocaltec-media-file

   .voc audio/voc

   .voc audio/x-voc

   .vos video/vosaic

   .vox audio/voxware

   .vqe audio/x-twinvq-plugin

   .vqf audio/x-twinvq

   .vql audio/x-twinvq-plugin

   .vrml application/x-vrml

   .vrml model/vrml

   .vrml x-world/x-vrml

   .vrt x-world/x-vrt

   .vsd application/x-visio

   .vst application/x-visio

   .vsw application/x-visio

   .w60 application/wordperfect6.0

   .w61 application/wordperfect6.1

   .w6w application/msword

   .wav audio/wav

   .wav audio/x-wav

   .wb1 application/x-qpro

   .wbmp image/vnd.wap.wbmp

   .web application/vnd.xara

   .wiz application/msword

   .wk1 application/x-123

   .wmf windows/metafile

   .wml text/vnd.wap.wml

   .wmlc application/vnd.wap.wmlc

   .wmls text/vnd.wap.wmlscript

   .wmlsc application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc

   .word application/msword

   .wp application/wordperfect

   .wp5 application/wordperfect

   .wp5 application/wordperfect6.0

   .wp6 application/wordperfect

   .wpd application/wordperfect

   .wpd application/x-wpwin

   .wq1 application/x-lotus

   .wri application/mswrite

   .wri application/x-wri

   .wrl application/x-world

   .wrl model/vrml

   .wrl x-world/x-vrml

   .wrz model/vrml

   .wrz x-world/x-vrml

   .wsc text/scriplet

   .wsrc application/x-wais-source

   .wtk application/x-wintalk

   .xbm image/x-xbitmap

   .xbm image/x-xbm

   .xbm image/xbm

   .xdr video/x-amt-demorun

   .xgz xgl/drawing

   .xif image/vnd.xiff

   .xl application/excel

   .xla application/excel

   .xla application/x-excel

   .xla application/x-msexcel

   .xlb application/excel

   .xlb application/vnd.ms-excel

   .xlb application/x-excel

   .xlc application/excel

   .xlc application/vnd.ms-excel

   .xlc application/x-excel

   .xld application/excel

   .xld application/x-excel

   .xlk application/excel

   .xlk application/x-excel

   .xll application/excel

   .xll application/vnd.ms-excel

   .xll application/x-excel

   .xlm application/excel

   .xlm application/vnd.ms-excel

   .xlm application/x-excel

   .xls application/excel

   .xls application/vnd.ms-excel

   .xls application/x-excel

   .xls application/x-msexcel

   .xlt application/excel

   .xlt application/x-excel

   .xlv application/excel

   .xlv application/x-excel

   .xlw application/excel

   .xlw application/vnd.ms-excel

   .xlw application/x-excel

   .xlw application/x-msexcel

   .xm audio/xm

   .xml application/xml

   .xml text/xml

   .xmz xgl/movie

   .xpix application/x-vnd.ls-xpix

   .xpm image/x-xpixmap

   .xpm image/xpm

   .x-png image/png

   .xsr video/x-amt-showrun

   .xwd image/x-xwd

   .xwd image/x-xwindowdump

   .xyz chemical/x-pdb

   .z application/x-compress

   .z application/x-compressed

   .zip application/x-compressed

   .zip application/x-zip-compressed

   .zip application/zip

   .zip multipart/x-zip

   .zoo application/octet-stream

   .zsh text/x-script.zsh

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